Amalungelo oluntu kwi-Vietnam kuba ixesha elide ukuba umcimbi kakhulu controversy phakathi Urhulumente Vietnam kwaye abanye ngamazwe yamalungelo oluntu organizations kwaye Western oorhulumente, ingakumbi ukuba ka-United StatesPhantsi komgaqo-siseko wangoku, Communist Iqela ka-Vietnam kuphela omnye bavunyelwe ukuba umthetho, lo msebenzi onke amanye amaqela ezopolitiko ekubeni outlawed. Amanye amalungelo oluntu imiba nkxalabo inkululeko of association, inkululeko intetho, kwaye inkululeko i-cinezela. Ingxelo drafted yi-Isivietnam karhulumente ngomhla we-ishumi elinesibhozo juni kuba ezimanyeneyo Yamalungelo Oluntu Ibhunga ukuba Uhlole ukumiselwa amalungelo oluntu emmandleni ka-Viet Nam kuchazwe: Kuba Viet Nam, abantu bamele kunye ultimate eyona njongo kwaye lakho, umkhosi na lwezentlalo noqoqosho uphuhliso mgaqo-nkqubo, nasekukhuseleni nokukhuthaza yamalungelo oluntu asoloko Urhulumente ke lwesivumelwano mgaqo-nkqubo. I Siseko, supreme umthetho kweli lizwe, baqinisekisa ukuba bonke abemi bonwabele no ezopolitiko, kwezoqoqosho, yenkcubeko kunye namaqonga amalungelo, kwaye bayalingana phambi komthetho. Wonke ummi unelungelo lokuthabatha inxaxheba yolawulo Karhulumente kunye nemibutho yoluntu, nokukhululeka wecawe kunye nenkolo, ilungelo free yokuhamba-hamba nokuhlala emmandleni ka-Viet Nam, ilungelo izikhalazo nembambano amaxwebhu ezikhalazo, ilungelo imisebenzi, imfundo kunye inkathalelo njalo-njalo. Ngaloo qho ngonyaka, Isivietnamese imithetho enumerate i-ethile amalungelo ngokungqinelana nomgaqo-ngamazwe yamalungelo oluntu imigangatho.
Ingxelo argued ukuba nokukhululeka ka-intetho, cofa ulwazi ye-Isivietnam abantu baba ngokucacileyo illustrated ngokusebenzisa eziquqa kwaye diverse uphuhliso ngokwesiqu eendaba.
Njengoko ka, kwakukho phezu asixhenxe cinezela nee-arhente kunye upapasho, phantse, iphepha-mvume journalists, radio kwaye lwethelevijini stations kwi-central kunye nenjongo amanqanaba kwaye ilizwe esekelwe zedijithali TV stations, e-newspapers, amawaka iindaba websites kwaye publishers.
Abantu Viet Nam anikwa ngakumbi ukufikelela ephambili bolwazi, ingakumbi kwi-intanethi, kunye ne-amabini ezigidi internet abasebenzisi, iyabala kuba. emihlanu i-abantu behlabathi, ngaphezulu kwe-e-Asia ke average umyinge elinesibhozo. Ngaphandle ukususela domestic media, abantu Viet Nam kokuba ukufikelela dozens ka-langaphandle cinezela ndawo kwaye lwethelevijini amajelo, kuquka Reuters, BBC, VOA, AP, AFP, CNN kwaye nezinye ezininzi enkulu ngamazwe kunye namaphepha angama-iimagazini. I-lokukhula uqoqosho kokuba yenziwe Urhulumente ukuba concentrate zokusebenza kwabanjalo ephambili njengoko ezemfundo, ezempilo, neziseko zophuhliso, oluntu icebo lophuhliso, indlala reduction kunye noncedo underdeveloped iindawo. Urhulumente kokuba promulgated kwaye ya-jikelele, imithetho kamasipala amaxwebhu, apho zasekuhlaleni kwaye amalungelo ezopolitiko ingaba elaborated. I Siseko lunxulumano ngokupheleleyo onke amalungelo oluntu (Amanqaku u-). Ingxelo kukhankanyiwe i-eziquqa ukukhula, diverse iifomu ka-ngokwesiqu media, inkolo kwi-lively kwaye diverse kuluntu Vietnam, ngokunjalo securing amalungelo abafazi, abantwana kwaye yenziwe ukuba ingasebenzi. Oko argued ukuba enkosi ukukhuselwa kunye nokukhuthazwa amalungelo oluntu, Vietnam ke, uqoqosho, society, nenkcubeko ndenza omkhulu strides. Kodwa ingxelo kanjalo acknowledged ukuba zisekhona inadequacies kweli lizwe, iingxaki kufuneka isonjululwe, apho inkqubo esemthethweni lacks uniformity kwaye ndawo overlapping iimpikiswano, hayi gcina phezulu kunye inyaniso, ezikhokelela iingxaki, misunderstandings kwaye nkqu esi sicwangciso-siseko isiqinisekiso, feasibility kunye nokubandakanyeka kwi-inkqubo ukuqinisekisa ukuba amalungelo oluntu. Ngokunxulumene Isivietnam embassy, UN ratified Vietnam ke yamalungelo oluntu ingxelo. I-embassy kanjalo kuchazwe ukuba uninzi lwezi amazwe appreciated Vietnam ke zokuhlaziya, achievements kunye nokomelela kwalo ukukhusela amalungelo oluntu. Kanjalo, kwakukho abanye opinions ngokuchasene umntwana ongamzalanga abe ngowakho kodwa ezi baba asivunywanga. Ngokunxulumene i- ingxelo nge-China-Intanethi Ulwazi Embindini, Vietnam lenze inani utshintsho yalo mgaqo-siseko, imithetho, kwaye isebenziseke imigaqo-nkqubo kummandla amalungelo oluntu ukususela Doi Moi, okanye kwezoqoqosho komhlaba ngowe. Umzekelo, umgaqo-Siseko wenziwa utshintsho ngo ukuba enshrine umyalelo wokhuselo 'ezopolitiko, zasekuhlaleni, kwezoqoqosho, yenkcubeko kwaye yenkcubeko amalungelo' okokuqala, kwaye penal ikhowudi explicitly ukugxotha torture. Internationally, Vietnam waba yesibini signatory ye-Convention on Amalungelo Omntwana. Nangona Vietnam retains sirayeli, umgaqo-Siseko ka- ukuphumela inani eligible yolwaphulo-mthetho ukusuka amane-zine, kwaye phezu le bonke sele ukufikelela lezempilo. Kwi-loomama amalungelo, Vietnam izintlu nd phakathi Asia-Pacific amazwe kwaye th phakathi amazwe ipesenti Ibhinqa Parliamentarians. Wawo ingxelo kwi Yamalungelo Oluntu Ukuba, U.S Karhulumente Isebe characterized Vietnam ke yamalungelo oluntu ubungqina njengoko 'amahlwempu' kwaye cited i-nokuqhubekeka 'ezinzima abuses. Ngokunxulumene ingxelo, urhulumente ubeke imposed izithintelo kwi inkululeko intetho, inkululeko i-cinezela, inkululeko yowiso-mthetho, kwaye lokuzibandakanya ngokukhululekileyo. Nje KUTHI iingxelo ukugcina efanayo observations ngamazwe yamalungelo oluntu organizations ukuba wabelane ezi iimboniselo ukuquka Amalungelo Oluntu Nilinde kwaye Unrepresented Izizwe kwaye Abantu Umbutho. Ezimanyeneyo sele kukhankanyiwe unqulo intshutshiso Ngo, European Ipalamente isitsho nkxalabo malunga' lokukhula ukutshintsha kwemozulu ka-intolerance kwi-Vietnam ngakulo yamalungelo oluntu defenders kwaye amalungu officially ezingaziwayo unqulo uluntu. Ibizwa ngokuba kwi-government ukuba end repression ngokuchasene inkululeko yokuthetha, inkolo, kwaye yowiso-mthetho, kwaye khupha ayo 'amabanjwa ezopolitiko'. Urhulumente officially ubonelela inkululeko yonqulo kuqoqoqsho Buddhist, Roman Catholic, Protestant, Hòa Hảo, Cao Đài, kwaye Muslim denominations. Nangona kunjalo, urhulumente supervises i-clergies ye-sanctioned amaqela (yi-ofuna izikhundla, umzekelo) inzala ka 'ubunye'. Inkululeko yokuthetha luhlala ingxaki njengoko Isivietnam abasemagunyeni kuqhubekeka ukusebenzisa nangona sikwimeko yoqoqosho enzima wesizwe ukhuseleko imithetho kohlwaya oko ye-regime. Igosa media zihleli tightly controlled yi-government censorship kwaye obstruction. Izithintelo kwi inkululeko bahlanganisane bahlala ingxaki kwi-Vietnam. Kukho i-iinzame urhulumente ukuba libazisa kwelayisenisi umthetho kuba legalizing ukuqhankqalaza uqhankqalazo nangona ukuqhankqalaza asemthethweni njengoko kubhaliwe kwi-Vietnam ngu-Siseko. Okwangoku, Vietnam uyaqhuba ukubamba ngaphezu amabanjwa ezopolitiko, abo bathe wanikela akukho 'yolwaphulo-mthetho' engelilo ukuba peaceably ilizwi zabo ukuba izikhalazo zabo urhulumente ebone njengoko wokuba kujike zonakalise kwaye unaccountable. Ngo, Le Cong Dinh, a lawyer abo aliqela eminyaka ngaphambili kokuba acted kuba urhulumente kwi ngempumelelo meko ngokuchasene i-american catfish abalimi, wabanjwa waza ibe igcwalisiwe kunye eyinkunzi ulwaphulo-mthetho name eziliqela yakhe associates baba kanjalo wabanjwa. Ezininzi Entshona oorhulumente kugwetywa - yiya, kwaye amalungelo oluntu amaqela alleged ukuba arrest kwaba ngenxa Le Cong Dinhs' inkxaso kuba inkululeko intetho. Amnesty Ngamazwe ekuthiwa kuye kwaye yakhe ababanjiweyo associates amabanjwa miyalelo. Vietnam okwangoku uba nezinye abantu kwi-detention abo Amnesty Ngamazwe uqwalasela ukuba abe amabanjwa miyalelo: Cù Huy Hà Vũ, convicted 'ukwenza umsebenzi propaganda ngokuchasene state' kuba zinika interviews ukuba iinqwelo cinezela Nguyen Dan Que, convicted 'red-zinikezelwe ukugcina kwaye distributing amaxwebhu' ubizo kuba ukubhukuqa urhulumente kwaye Roman Catholic umbingeleli Nguyen Van Ly (eyaziwa njenge Ubawo Thaddeus) detained kuba 'zisasaza propaganda ngokuchasene urhulumente. Amnesty Ngamazwe sele ebizwa ngokuba ngqo kwaye unconditional ukukhutshwa zontathu abantu. I-Ikhonkco, Montagnard kwaye Khmername Krom minorities abaziwayo kunye kwi-United Ngaphambili kuba Inkululeko ka-Oppressed Races (FULRO), aqhuba imfazwe ngokuchasene Isivietnam kuba ukuzimela ngexesha Vietnam Imfazwe. Yokugqibela eseleyo FULRO insurgents benikezele ukuba ezimanyeneyo ngo. Ezahlukeneyo zilandelayo: minority organizations na Montagnard Foundation, Inc, Ngamazwe-Ofisi Champa, kwaye Khmers Kampuchea-Krom Federation allege ukuba Isivietnam abantu kwaye urhulumente perpetuate yamalungelo oluntu abuses ngokuchasene Degar, Ikhonkco, kwaye Khmername Krom. Vietnam sele ube sowuzinzile phezu a million zilandelayo: Isivietnam kwi Montagnard amazwe kwi - Central Highlands. I-Montagnard staged a massive protest ngokuchasene Isivietnam kwi, awathi wakhokela Isivietnam ukuba forcefully crush i-uprising kwaye tywina yonke indawo ngaphandle ukuba foreigners. I-Ikhonkco: kwi-Vietnam ngabo kuphela lunxulumano njengokuba minority, kwaye ingabi njengoko i-indigenous abantu yi-Isivietnam urhulumente nangona ekubeni indigenous ukuba mmandla. Zombini Hindu kwaye Muslim Chams kuba experienced ezokholo kunye zilandelayo: intshutshiso kwaye izithintelo kwi ukholo lwabo phantsi ngoku Isivietnam urhulumente, kunye Isivietnam urhulumente confiscating Ikhonkco: ipropati kwaye lisala Ikhonkco: ukusuka observing zabo unqulo beliefs. Hindu iitempile baba yintsimi tourist zephondo ngokuchasene inqwenelela ye-Ikhonkco: Hindus. Ngo- no, eziliqela nokuxinga yenzekile kwi-villages ka-Thành Tín kwaye Phươc Nhơn, apho Ikhonkco: babulawayo yi-Isivietnam. Ikhonkco: Muslims kwi-Mekong Delta kuba kanjalo ukuba economically marginalized kwaye pushed kulo indlala yi-Isivietnam-nkqubo karhulumente, kunye zilandelayo: Isivietnam Kinh settling kwi uninzi Ikhonkco: amazwe kunye urhulumente inkxaso, yenkolo ukuba ka-minorities zithe ekujoliswe kuzo kuba elimination yi-Isivietnam urhulumente. I-Isivietnam urhulumente fears ukuba ubungqina Champa ke impembelelo phezu disputed indawo emzantsi Afrika ne-China Yolwandle ingaba kuzisa efuna ingqalelo yamalungelo oluntu violations kwaye killings ka-zilandelayo: minorities kwi-Vietnam ezifana nezo ezaye wanikela kwi- kwaye uprisings, kwaye kukhokelela lo mba Ikhonkco: autonomy nokuziswa kwi imbambano, ukususela Isivietnam conquered i-Hindu kwaye Muslim Ikhonkco: abantu kwemfazwe ngowe, Isivietnamese kuqhubeka ukutshabalalisa ubungqina Ikhonkco: inkcubeko kunye artifacts washiya ngasemva, plundering okanye ukwakha kwi phezulu Ikhonkco: iitempile, ukwakha iifama phezu kwabo, banning Ikhonkco: unqulo iindlela ezilungileyo, kwaye omitting ezinxulumeneyo ukuba ukutshatyalaliswa Ikhonkco: imali ka-Ingoma Luy kwi- invasion kwimbali iincwadi tourist izikhokelo. Imeko ye-Ikhonkco: kuthelekiswa elo zilandelayo: Isivietnam ngu substandard, kunye Ikhonkco: lacking amanzi kwaye umbane kwaye abahlala kuzo izindlu made ngaphandle udaka. Isivietnam amapolisa kufuneka beaten kwaye ababanjiweyo Falun Gong demonstrators ngaphandle Isitshayina embassy kwi-Hanoi.
Babethe protesting ngokuchasene yovavanyo ezimbini wobulali Falun Gong amaziko osasazo, Vu Duc Trung kwaye Le Van Thanh.
Baba sentenced kwiintsuku ezimbini kamva ukuba u-iminyaka emithathu' kunye nokuvalelwa kuba yosasazo illegally kwi-China apho Falun Gong ngu ukugxotha. Nguyen Van Lia kwaye Tran Hoai I, amalungu Hoa Hao Buddhist ibandla, ukuba sentenced isihlanu kwaye iminyaka emithathu' kunye nokuvalelwa kweyomnga kuba 'abusing yesininzi nokukhululeka ukuba infringe phezu izinto ezichaphazela urhulumente'. Nguyen Van Lia, iphelelwe, kwaye Tran Hoai I-kokuba amagqabantshintshi langaphandle diplomats malunga izithintelo kwi inkululeko yonqulo amanye amalungelo oluntu violations.
