Fiona Li, Steamship Mutual Amabango Umphathi, Hong Kong-ofisi, uchaze kwi meko apho, kwi shipowner ke isicelo uxhaswe Club, Singaporean arbitration kweelwimi waba bafuna ukuba abe isetyenzisiwe ngokuchasene Isivietnam defendant
Wokuqala Isehlo Inkundla kwi-Vietnam isetyenzisiwe le Mbasa, kodwa Isibheno Kwinkundla overturned eso sigqibo, kwaye Supreme Inkundla avume vumela ezinye isibheno.
Vietnam wenziwe a iqumrhu likarhulumente ukuba Enew York Arbitration Sivumelwano ngomhla ukuthathela ingqalelo kwaye Ukunyanzeliswa Langaphandle Arbitral Mbasa ukusukela ngo, kunye eqhelekileyo ngokungathandabuzekiyo. I-Convention ifuna iinkundla ka-iqumrhu states ngenjongo yokufezekisa private izivumelwano ukuba arbitrate kwaye aqonde kwaye enforce arbitration mbasa made ngamanye iqumrhu states. Njengoko enjalo, wabhala Li, Vietnam bamelwe aqonde langaphandle arbitration mbasa njengoko bophelela, kwaye enforce kwabo ngokungqinelana wobulali imithetho umgaqo-nkqubo, kwaye akufunekanga imposiso yorhwebo lwangaphakathi substantially ngakumbi onerous iimeko kunokuba ingaba imposed kwi ingqwalasela okanye ukunyanzeliswa domestic arbitral mbasa. I-New York Convention ke iwebhusayithi, enika ulwazi malunga Convention ke yokutolika kwaye isicelo nge-iinkundla (equlethe ngaphezu, zeenkundla ukusuka jikelele amathandathu anesihlanu amazwe), ibonisa ukuba iimpahla kuba Enkundleni izigqibo usebenzisa i-Convention kwi-Vietnam.
Lwelungu Isivietnam abaqondisi-mthetho, ngabemi maritime ifemi kweli lizwe, ukuba ngokwabo unaware nawuphi na azame enforce langaphandle ad hoc kweelwimi kwi-weziganeko zeenqanawa imeko. I-Umnini lwelungu ibango waba phantsi voyage umqulu we-iqela ngokulawulwa isixhosa umthetho, apho kumiselweyo arbitration kwi-Singapore.
Xa Isivietnam Charterer ayiphumelelanga ukuhlawula demurrage ngenxa Umnini, arbitration waba yaqalisa ngokunxulumene contractual izibonelelo. Kwi default ye-Charterer ke ukuqeshwa kwezabo arbitrator phantsi umqulu we-iqela mimiselo, arbitrator wonyulwa yindlu Umnini lenziwa sole arbitrator. Ngexesha iingxoxo, Charterer yaphendula ukuba arbitrator ke izikhokelo ngokubhala kodwa kanjalo eceliweyo i-arbitrator hayi ukunxibelelana nabo okungaphaya. Nangona arbitrator ke, izikhokelo kunye esilumkisayo, ngokunjalo iziphakamiso kuba Charterer khumbula, kwezabo isemthethweni ingcebiso, Charterer ayiphumelelanga ifayile na yokhuselo kwaye ekugqibeleni wabanyula na inxaxheba iingxoxo. I-Final Kweelwimi waba ekhutshwe kwi-Singapore kwi-idolo Lomnini, ordering i-Charterer ukuhlawula Umnini ke demurrage ibango dibanisa inzala kunye neendleko.
Xa kweelwimi akazange honoured, isicelo lenziwa kwi-Vietnam - Charterer ke indawo yokuhlala - kuba umyalelo kuba ukuthathela ingqalelo kwaye ukunyanzeliswa komgaqo-Singapore Arbitration Kweelwimi.
Inkundla ka-Lokuqala Isehlo kwi-Vietnam kuvunyelwe ukunyanzeliswa, kodwa oku kwaba overturned yi-Isibheno Kwinkundla. Umnini appealed ukuba Supreme Inkundla kuba matyala Kovavanyo, kodwa inkundla wala ukuqwalasela isicelo, bephethe ukuba wobulali procedural umthetho osebenzayo ngomhla imathiriyali xesha akazange isibonelelo - Supreme Inkundla kolawulo lwesixeko Lokuphonononga isibheno kwinkundla isigqibo enxulumene ukuthathela ingqalelo kwaye ukunyanzeliswa iinqwelo-mbasa. Li waqwalasela okokuba"kangangokuba, kwiminyaka emihlanu ka-uzama ukuba enforce le Mbasa bebe rendered futile kunye eli yokugqibela, i-non-appealable, isigqibo". Li wathi ukuba kwabonakala ukuba Nezibheno Inkundla akazange nika ukutya, ukuba ikhona, umlinganiselo ukuba Umnini ke submissions, ekuqaleni wenza ukuba Inkundla Kuqala Isehlo ukwimo ubungqina ukusuka Singaporean kwaye isixhosa abaqondisi-mthetho, demonstrating i-regularity kwaye enforceability le Mbasa ngokunxulumene zilandelayo imiba phantsi Singaporean kwaye isixhosa umthetho: Li ndagqiba ukuba ezisisiseko notion nangumsinga-New York Convention waba ukuba iqumrhu likarhulumente kufuneka aqonde kwaye enforce i-arbitration kweelwimi elakhutshwa kwelinye iqumrhu likarhulumente, ngaphandle kokuba na iimeko wabeka phantsi Inqaku V waphakama. Nangona kunjalo, enyanisweni i-ukuthathela ingqalelo kwaye ukunyanzeliswa mbasa phantsi Convention varied ukusuka kweli ukuya kweli lizwe kuxhomekeke differing imibandela, ezifana ubukho be ngokungathandabuzekiyo ezifunwa iqumrhu states ngowe-ukusayina i-Convention, wobulali imithetho, iinkqubo zokusebenza kunye namava kwaye attitudes ka-wobulali lwabagwebi. Kule meko i-arbitrator owayonyulelwe validly lenziwa sole arbitrator ngokungqinelana nomgaqo-contractual mimiselo I-mbasa, nto leyo echazwe methodically i-procedural amanyathelo athathwa yi-arbitrator phambi igqiba imbambano, waba ekhutshwe kwincwadi contractual kwimimandla ephantsi kolawulo lwesixeko. Ukuziphatha yeenkqubo waba efanelekileyo kwaye kweelwimi ekhutshwe waba enforceable njengoko umcimbi ye Singaporean umthetho, esibizwa umthetho yokuhlangana arbitration. Eli lizwe apho ukuthathela ingqalelo isicelo lenziwa kufuneka, ngokungqinelana nomgaqo-Convention, bathe bathobela afanelekileyo iimfuno kwaye lunxulumano kwaye isetyenzisiwe le mbasa ekhaya."Ngelishwa, lwelungu amava akazange njengoko kakhulu njengoko omnye ange ayethembe kuba kwaye kulindeleke", wabhala Li. Watsho ukuba Isivietnam iinkundla ngokungachanekanga watolika amaqela' kwesi sivumelwano njengoko ekubeni omnye settle disputes ngokusebenzisa institutional arbitration, kunokuba i-ad hoc nkqubo. Oku kwaba"i-undesirable ingxowa-onikiweyo ukuba uninzi maritime disputes ingaba kugqitywe ngo ad hoc ezinxulumeneyo, kwaye ingabi ngokusebenzisa arbitral amaziko", wathi Li. Tran Nganye Han kwaye Dang Viet Anh ka-Dzungsrt Associates LLC (Hanoi kwaye Ho Icht Minh Isixeko) enikezwa jikelele Isivietnam isemthethweni ingcebiso.
